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Altered neurodevelopmental trajectories of brain structure in Tourette syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorders.

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Title: Altered neurodevelopmental trajectories of brain structure in Tourette syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorders.
Authors: Jin Y; Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA., Guo Y; Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA., Koller JM; Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Radiology and Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, USA., Grossen SC; Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Radiology and Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, USA., Uhlmann A; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany., Forde NJ; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands., Zouki JJ; Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development and School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia., Torrecuso R; Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany., Mueller K; Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.; Department of Neurology, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic., Martin-Rodriguez JF; Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.; Departamento de Psicología Experimental, Universidad de Sevilla, 41018 Seville, Spain., Franco-Rosado P; Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.; Departamento de Psicología Experimental, Universidad de Sevilla, 41018 Seville, Spain., Grothe M; Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Spain., Cramer C; Department of Psychiatry, Hannover University Medical School, Hannover, Germany., Büning AK; Department of Psychiatry, Hannover University Medical School, Hannover, Germany., Eichele H; Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Norway., Palmucci S; Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, Radiology Unit 1, University of Catania, Italy., Prato A; Deparment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psichiatry, University of Catania, Italy., Saia F; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy., Tommasin S; Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy., Conte G; Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy., Schindlbeck KA; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany., Ganos C; Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Germany., Zimmermann S; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Germany.; JARA BRAIN - Translational Medicine, Germany., Veselinovic T; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany., Worbe Y; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Sorbonne Université, APHP - Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris France.; Paris Brain Institute - Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France., Hartmann A; Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France., Topaloudi A; Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA., Kaka M; Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA., Chen G; Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA., Zhong Q; Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA., Zhang Y; Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA., Szejko N; Department of Child Psychiatry, Babinski Hospital, Lodz, Poland.; Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland., Janik P; Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland., Debes NM; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark.; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Tumer Z; Department of Clinical Genetics, Kennedy Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Wolańczyk T; Department of Child Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland., Heiman GA; Department of Genetics and the Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA., Stefansson H; Amgen deCODE genetics, Iceland., Ask H; PsychGen Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway., Andreassen O; Centre for Precision Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway., Børglum AD; Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark., Buxbaum JD; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA., Corfield EC; PsychGen Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway.; Psychiatric Genetic Epidemiology Group, Research Department, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Norway.; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, UK., Daly M; Harvard Medical School, USA.; Massachusetts General Hospital, USA., Grice DE; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA., Mataix-Cols D; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden., Palotie A; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland., Rück C; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden., Halvorsen MW; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA., Davis LK; Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Data Driven and Digital Medicine, USA.; Windreich Department of AI and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, USA.; Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, USA.; Adjunct Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA., Crowley JJ; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA., Mattheisen M; Department of Community Health and Epidemiology and Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.; Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark., Yu D; Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA., Mathews CA; University of Florida, Department of Psychiatry, Genetics Institute, Center for OCD, Anxiety and Related Disorders, Evelyn F and William L McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA., Scharf JM; Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.; Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA., Stein DJ; SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Dept of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, South Africa., Neuner I; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Germany.; JARA BRAIN - Translational Medicine, Germany., Musil R; Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Germany., Cardona F; Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy., Cath D; University of Groningen, university Medical Center Groningen, department of Psychiatry &Drenthe MHC, Groningen, the Netherlands., Veltman DJ; Dept. of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Silk TJ; Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development and School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia.; Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia., Munchau A; Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.; Centre for Rare Diseases, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany., Verrel J; Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain., Brandt VC; Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, UK., Hershey T; Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore MD, USA., Greene DJ; Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States., Schlaggar BL; Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore MD, USA.; Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD 21205, USA., Buitelaar J; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands., Franke B; Departments of Genetics and of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical CentreRadboud University, The Netherlands., Thomopoulos S; Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA., Rizzo R; Deparment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psichiatry, University of Catania, Italy., Dietrich A; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Accare Child Study Center, Groningen, Netherlands., Hoekstra PJ; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry & Accare Child Study Center, Groningen, Netherlands., Mir P; Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain., Roessner V; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany., van den Heuvel OA; Dept. Psychiatry, Dept. Anatomy & Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, The Netherlands., Mueller-Vahl K; Department of Psychiatry, Hannover University Medical School, Hannover, Germany., Möller H; Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany., Jahanshad N; Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA., Thompson PM; Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA., Black KJ; Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Radiology and Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, USA., Paschou P; Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA.
Corporate Authors: members of the Tourette International TS-EUROTRAIN/TSGeneSEE, TAA Neuroimaging Consortium, Collaborative Genetics consortium, TAAICG, EMTICS, ENIGMA-TS Working Group
Source: MedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences [medRxiv] 2026 May 20. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 20.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Preprint
Journal Info: Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101767986 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet NLM ISO Abbreviation: medRxiv Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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Items – Name: Title
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  Data: Altered neurodevelopmental trajectories of brain structure in Tourette syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorders.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Jin+Y%22">Jin Y</searchLink>; Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Guo+Y%22">Guo Y</searchLink>; Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Koller+JM%22">Koller JM</searchLink>; Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Radiology and Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Grossen+SC%22">Grossen SC</searchLink>; Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Radiology and Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Uhlmann+A%22">Uhlmann A</searchLink>; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Forde+NJ%22">Forde NJ</searchLink>; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zouki+JJ%22">Zouki JJ</searchLink>; Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development and School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Torrecuso+R%22">Torrecuso R</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mueller+K%22">Mueller K</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.; Department of Neurology, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Martin-Rodriguez+JF%22">Martin-Rodriguez JF</searchLink>; Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.; Departamento de Psicología Experimental, Universidad de Sevilla, 41018 Seville, Spain.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Franco-Rosado+P%22">Franco-Rosado P</searchLink>; Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.; Departamento de Psicología Experimental, Universidad de Sevilla, 41018 Seville, Spain.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Grothe+M%22">Grothe M</searchLink>; Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Spain.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cramer+C%22">Cramer C</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, Hannover University Medical School, Hannover, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Büning+AK%22">Büning AK</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, Hannover University Medical School, Hannover, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Eichele+H%22">Eichele H</searchLink>; Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Norway.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Palmucci+S%22">Palmucci S</searchLink>; Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, Radiology Unit 1, University of Catania, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Prato+A%22">Prato A</searchLink>; Deparment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psichiatry, University of Catania, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Saia+F%22">Saia F</searchLink>; Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tommasin+S%22">Tommasin S</searchLink>; Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Conte+G%22">Conte G</searchLink>; Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Schindlbeck+KA%22">Schindlbeck KA</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ganos+C%22">Ganos C</searchLink>; Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zimmermann+S%22">Zimmermann S</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Germany.; JARA BRAIN - Translational Medicine, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Veselinovic+T%22">Veselinovic T</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Worbe+Y%22">Worbe Y</searchLink>; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Sorbonne Université, APHP - Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris France.; Paris Brain Institute - Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hartmann+A%22">Hartmann A</searchLink>; Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Topaloudi+A%22">Topaloudi A</searchLink>; Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kaka+M%22">Kaka M</searchLink>; Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+G%22">Chen G</searchLink>; Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhong+Q%22">Zhong Q</searchLink>; Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhang+Y%22">Zhang Y</searchLink>; Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Szejko+N%22">Szejko N</searchLink>; Department of Child Psychiatry, Babinski Hospital, Lodz, Poland.; Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Janik+P%22">Janik P</searchLink>; Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Debes+NM%22">Debes NM</searchLink>; Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark.; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tumer+Z%22">Tumer Z</searchLink>; Department of Clinical Genetics, Kennedy Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wolańczyk+T%22">Wolańczyk T</searchLink>; Department of Child Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Heiman+GA%22">Heiman GA</searchLink>; Department of Genetics and the Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Stefansson+H%22">Stefansson H</searchLink>; Amgen deCODE genetics, Iceland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ask+H%22">Ask H</searchLink>; PsychGen Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Andreassen+O%22">Andreassen O</searchLink>; Centre for Precision Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Børglum+AD%22">Børglum AD</searchLink>; Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark.; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Buxbaum+JD%22">Buxbaum JD</searchLink>; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Corfield+EC%22">Corfield EC</searchLink>; PsychGen Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway.; Psychiatric Genetic Epidemiology Group, Research Department, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Norway.; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Daly+M%22">Daly M</searchLink>; Harvard Medical School, USA.; Massachusetts General Hospital, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Grice+DE%22">Grice DE</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mataix-Cols+D%22">Mataix-Cols D</searchLink>; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Palotie+A%22">Palotie A</searchLink>; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Rück+C%22">Rück C</searchLink>; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Halvorsen+MW%22">Halvorsen MW</searchLink>; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Davis+LK%22">Davis LK</searchLink>; Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Data Driven and Digital Medicine, USA.; Windreich Department of AI and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, USA.; Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, USA.; Adjunct Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Crowley+JJ%22">Crowley JJ</searchLink>; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mattheisen+M%22">Mattheisen M</searchLink>; Department of Community Health and Epidemiology and Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.; Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yu+D%22">Yu D</searchLink>; Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mathews+CA%22">Mathews CA</searchLink>; University of Florida, Department of Psychiatry, Genetics Institute, Center for OCD, Anxiety and Related Disorders, Evelyn F and William L McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Scharf+JM%22">Scharf JM</searchLink>; Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.; Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Stein+DJ%22">Stein DJ</searchLink>; SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Dept of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, South Africa.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Neuner+I%22">Neuner I</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Germany.; JARA BRAIN - Translational Medicine, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Musil+R%22">Musil R</searchLink>; Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cardona+F%22">Cardona F</searchLink>; Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cath+D%22">Cath D</searchLink>; University of Groningen, university Medical Center Groningen, department of Psychiatry &Drenthe MHC, Groningen, the Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Veltman+DJ%22">Veltman DJ</searchLink>; Dept. of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Silk+TJ%22">Silk TJ</searchLink>; Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development and School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia.; Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Munchau+A%22">Munchau A</searchLink>; Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.; Centre for Rare Diseases, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Verrel+J%22">Verrel J</searchLink>; Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Brandt+VC%22">Brandt VC</searchLink>; Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hershey+T%22">Hershey T</searchLink>; Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore MD, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Greene+DJ%22">Greene DJ</searchLink>; Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Schlaggar+BL%22">Schlaggar BL</searchLink>; Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore MD, USA.; Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD 21205, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Buitelaar+J%22">Buitelaar J</searchLink>; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Franke+B%22">Franke B</searchLink>; Departments of Genetics and of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical CentreRadboud University, The Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Thomopoulos+S%22">Thomopoulos S</searchLink>; Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Rizzo+R%22">Rizzo R</searchLink>; Deparment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psichiatry, University of Catania, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Dietrich+A%22">Dietrich A</searchLink>; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Accare Child Study Center, Groningen, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hoekstra+PJ%22">Hoekstra PJ</searchLink>; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry & Accare Child Study Center, Groningen, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mir+P%22">Mir P</searchLink>; Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Roessner+V%22">Roessner V</searchLink>; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22van+den+Heuvel+OA%22">van den Heuvel OA</searchLink>; Dept. Psychiatry, Dept. Anatomy & Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, The Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mueller-Vahl+K%22">Mueller-Vahl K</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, Hannover University Medical School, Hannover, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Möller+H%22">Möller H</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Jahanshad+N%22">Jahanshad N</searchLink>; Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Thompson+PM%22">Thompson PM</searchLink>; Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Black+KJ%22">Black KJ</searchLink>; Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Radiology and Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Paschou+P%22">Paschou P</searchLink>; Department of Biological Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA.
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  Label: Corporate Authors
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="CA" term="%22members+of+the+Tourette+International+TS-EUROTRAIN%2FTSGeneSEE%22">members of the Tourette International TS-EUROTRAIN/TSGeneSEE</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="CA" term="%22TAA+Neuroimaging+Consortium%22">TAA Neuroimaging Consortium</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="CA" term="%22Collaborative+Genetics+consortium%22">Collaborative Genetics consortium</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="CA" term="%22TAAICG%22">TAAICG</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="CA" term="%22EMTICS%22">EMTICS</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="CA" term="%22ENIGMA-TS+Working+Group%22">ENIGMA-TS Working Group</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101767986%22">MedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences</searchLink> [medRxiv] 2026 May 20. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 May 20.
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  Data: Journal Article; Preprint
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  Data: <i>Country of Publication: </i>United States <i>NLM ID: </i>101767986 <i>Publication Model: </i>Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>medRxiv <i>Subsets: </i>PubMed not MEDLINE
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        Value: 10.64898/2026.05.16.26353368
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        Text: English
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      – TitleFull: Altered neurodevelopmental trajectories of brain structure in Tourette syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorders.
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              Text: 2026 May 20
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              Y: 2026
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            – TitleFull: MedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
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