Spatial clustering of “measured” and “unmeasured” risk factors for HIV infections in hyper-endemic communities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: results from geoadditive models.
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| Title: | Spatial clustering of “measured” and “unmeasured” risk factors for HIV infections in hyper-endemic communities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: results from geoadditive models. |
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| Authors: | Wand, H. (AUTHOR), Ramjee, G. (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | AIDS Care. Nov2015, Vol. 27 Issue 11, p1375-1381. 7p. 1 Chart, 1 Graph, 3 Maps. |
| Subjects: | Diagnosis of HIV infections, HIV infection risk factors, HIV infection epidemiology, Confidence intervals, Risk-taking behavior, Human sexuality, Survival analysis (Biometry), Disease incidence, Disease prevalence, Data analysis software, Descriptive statistics |
| Geographic Terms: | South Africa |
| Abstract: | Sub-Saharan Africa contains more than 60% of all HIV infections worldwide. HIV prevalence was currently estimated to be at least 15% in KwaZulu-Natal and the epidemic is described as hyper-endemic. Knowledge of spatial clustering of risk factors which are linked to new HIV infections is important for prioritizing areas to change the trajectory of the epidemic. Geoadditive models were used to investigate spatial characteristics of the risk factors from two clinical trial units (Umkomaas and Botha's Hill) in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Study population was a cohort of women who screened and enrolled in an HIV prevention biomedical intervention trial. The results suggest high HIV incidence rates (5.8 and 8 per 100 person-year). Considerable spatial variations in behavioural factors within a relatively small geographical region, low level of education, early age at sexual debut, higher number of sexual partners, not being married/cohabitating with a sexual partner and sexual activity in exchange for money, gift and drugs were all determined to be clustered in certain regions; they were accounted for 25% (Umkomaas) and 65% (Botha's Hill) of the excess new HIV infections in two clinical trial units. Results from our study highlighted existence of significant spatial heterogeneity in “measured” and “unmeasured” risk factors in a relatively small region. As the HIV funding has been declining, identifying, targeting and reaching the most-at-risk individuals will likely play a significant role in developing the most efficient and cost-effective prevention programmes and subsequently will change the trajectory of the epidemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of AIDS Care is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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| Header | DbId: pbh DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection An: 111798847 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Spatial clustering of “measured” and “unmeasured” risk factors for HIV infections in hyper-endemic communities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: results from geoadditive models. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wand%2C+H%2E%22">Wand, H.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ramjee%2C+G%2E%22">Ramjee, G.</searchLink> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22AIDS+Care%22">AIDS Care</searchLink>. Nov2015, Vol. 27 Issue 11, p1375-1381. 7p. 1 Chart, 1 Graph, 3 Maps. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Diagnosis+of+HIV+infections%22">Diagnosis of HIV infections</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22HIV+infection+risk+factors%22">HIV infection risk factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22HIV+infection+epidemiology%22">HIV infection epidemiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Risk-taking+behavior%22">Risk-taking behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Human+sexuality%22">Human sexuality</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Survival+analysis+%28Biometry%29%22">Survival analysis (Biometry)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Disease+incidence%22">Disease incidence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Disease+prevalence%22">Disease prevalence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink> – Name: SubjectGeographic Label: Geographic Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22South+Africa%22">South Africa</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Sub-Saharan Africa contains more than 60% of all HIV infections worldwide. HIV prevalence was currently estimated to be at least 15% in KwaZulu-Natal and the epidemic is described as hyper-endemic. Knowledge of spatial clustering of risk factors which are linked to new HIV infections is important for prioritizing areas to change the trajectory of the epidemic. Geoadditive models were used to investigate spatial characteristics of the risk factors from two clinical trial units (Umkomaas and Botha's Hill) in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Study population was a cohort of women who screened and enrolled in an HIV prevention biomedical intervention trial. The results suggest high HIV incidence rates (5.8 and 8 per 100 person-year). Considerable spatial variations in behavioural factors within a relatively small geographical region, low level of education, early age at sexual debut, higher number of sexual partners, not being married/cohabitating with a sexual partner and sexual activity in exchange for money, gift and drugs were all determined to be clustered in certain regions; they were accounted for 25% (Umkomaas) and 65% (Botha's Hill) of the excess new HIV infections in two clinical trial units. Results from our study highlighted existence of significant spatial heterogeneity in “measured” and “unmeasured” risk factors in a relatively small region. As the HIV funding has been declining, identifying, targeting and reaching the most-at-risk individuals will likely play a significant role in developing the most efficient and cost-effective prevention programmes and subsequently will change the trajectory of the epidemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of AIDS Care is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=111798847 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1080/09540121.2015.1096896 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 7 StartPage: 1375 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Diagnosis of HIV infections Type: general – SubjectFull: HIV infection risk factors Type: general – SubjectFull: HIV infection epidemiology Type: general – SubjectFull: Confidence intervals Type: general – SubjectFull: Risk-taking behavior Type: general – SubjectFull: Human sexuality Type: general – SubjectFull: Survival analysis (Biometry) Type: general – SubjectFull: Disease incidence Type: general – SubjectFull: Disease prevalence Type: general – SubjectFull: Data analysis software Type: general – SubjectFull: Descriptive statistics Type: general – SubjectFull: South Africa Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Spatial clustering of “measured” and “unmeasured” risk factors for HIV infections in hyper-endemic communities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: results from geoadditive models. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Wand, H. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Ramjee, G. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 11 Text: Nov2015 Type: published Y: 2015 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 09540121 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 27 – Type: issue Value: 11 Titles: – TitleFull: AIDS Care Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
