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A trial-by-trial analysis reveals more intense physical activity is associated with better cognitive control performance in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

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Title: A trial-by-trial analysis reveals more intense physical activity is associated with better cognitive control performance in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Authors: Hartanto, T. A. (AUTHOR), Krafft, C. E. (AUTHOR), Iosif, A. M. (AUTHOR), Schweitzer, J. B. (AUTHOR)
Source: Child Neuropsychology. Jul2016, Vol. 22 Issue 5, p618-626. 9p. 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 1 Graph.
Subjects: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Learning disabilities, Cognitive ability, Child research, Wakefulness
Abstract: Hyperactivity is a key symptom and the most observable manifestation of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The over-activity associated with ADHD can cause specific challenges in academic settings, extracurricular activities and social relationships. Cognitive control challenges are also well established in ADHD. The current study included 44 children between the ages of 10 and 17 diagnosed with ADHD or who were typically developing (TD), all of whom had no psychiatric co-morbidity or significant learning disorders. Participants wore an actometer on their ankle while performing a flanker paradigm in order to objectively measure their rates of activity in association with cognitive control. Analyses assessed the relationship between frequency and intensity of activity to task accuracy on a trial-by-trial basis. A significant interaction effect between group and performance revealed that more intense movement was associated with better performance in the ADHD group but not in the TD group. The ADHD group demonstrated more intense activity than the TD group during correct (but not error) trials. Within-group, children with ADHD generated higher intensity movements in their correct trials compared to their error trials, whereas the TD group did not demonstrate any within-group differences. These findings suggest that excessive motoric activity associated with clinically significant ADHD symptoms may reflect compensatory efforts to modulate attention and alertness. Future research should systematically explore the relationship between motion in ADHD and how it might be used to improve cognitive performance. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
Copyright of Child Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: A trial-by-trial analysis reveals more intense physical activity is associated with better cognitive control performance in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hartanto%2C+T%2E+A%2E%22">Hartanto, T. A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Krafft%2C+C%2E+E%2E%22">Krafft, C. E.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Iosif%2C+A%2E+M%2E%22">Iosif, A. M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schweitzer%2C+J%2E+B%2E%22">Schweitzer, J. B.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Child+Neuropsychology%22">Child Neuropsychology</searchLink>. Jul2016, Vol. 22 Issue 5, p618-626. 9p. 1 Diagram, 1 Chart, 1 Graph.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Attention-deficit+hyperactivity+disorder%22">Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Learning+disabilities%22">Learning disabilities</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+ability%22">Cognitive ability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+research%22">Child research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wakefulness%22">Wakefulness</searchLink>
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  Data: Hyperactivity is a key symptom and the most observable manifestation of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The over-activity associated with ADHD can cause specific challenges in academic settings, extracurricular activities and social relationships. Cognitive control challenges are also well established in ADHD. The current study included 44 children between the ages of 10 and 17 diagnosed with ADHD or who were typically developing (TD), all of whom had no psychiatric co-morbidity or significant learning disorders. Participants wore an actometer on their ankle while performing a flanker paradigm in order to objectively measure their rates of activity in association with cognitive control. Analyses assessed the relationship between frequency and intensity of activity to task accuracy on a trial-by-trial basis. A significant interaction effect between group and performance revealed that more intense movement was associated with better performance in the ADHD group but not in the TD group. The ADHD group demonstrated more intense activity than the TD group during correct (but not error) trials. Within-group, children with ADHD generated higher intensity movements in their correct trials compared to their error trials, whereas the TD group did not demonstrate any within-group differences. These findings suggest that excessive motoric activity associated with clinically significant ADHD symptoms may reflect compensatory efforts to modulate attention and alertness. Future research should systematically explore the relationship between motion in ADHD and how it might be used to improve cognitive performance. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Child Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=114308037
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        Value: 10.1080/09297049.2015.1044511
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              Text: Jul2016
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