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Associations between pro-inflammatory cytokines, learning, and memory in late-life depression and healthy aging.

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Title: Associations between pro-inflammatory cytokines, learning, and memory in late-life depression and healthy aging.
Authors: Charlton, Rebecca A., Lamar, Melissa, Zhang, Aifeng, Ren, Xinguo, Ajilore, Olusola, Pandey, Ghanshyam N., Kumar, Anand
Source: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. Jan2018, Vol. 33 Issue 1, p104-112. 9p.
Subjects: Physiological effects of cytokines, Dementia, Neurodegeneration, Neurobehavioral disorders, Cognitive ability, Geriatric psychiatry
Abstract: Objectives: Pro-inflammatory cytokines may play a role in learning and memory difficulties and may be exacerbated in late-life depression (LLD), where pro-inflammatory markers are already elevated because of aging and age-related vascular risk.Methods: Learning and memory, and pro-inflammatory cytokines-Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured in 24 individuals with LLD and 34 healthy older adults (HOA). Hippocampal volumes were segmented using Freesurfer software.Results: Pro-inflammatory cytokines were higher in LLD compared with HOA. Regression analyses demonstrated that educational level and right hippocampal volume significantly contributed to explaining the variance in learning. For memory performance, educational level, right hippocampal volume and a group-by-IL-6 interaction significantly contributed to the model.Conclusions: High levels of IL-6 impact cognition in LLD but not HOA. Results suggest that high levels of inflammation alone are not sufficient to account for cognitive difficulties, but may interact with other factors in at-risk populations like LLD, to contribute to memory difficulties. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
Description
Abstract:<bold>Objectives: </bold>Pro-inflammatory cytokines may play a role in learning and memory difficulties and may be exacerbated in late-life depression (LLD), where pro-inflammatory markers are already elevated because of aging and age-related vascular risk.<bold>Methods: </bold>Learning and memory, and pro-inflammatory cytokines-Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured in 24 individuals with LLD and 34 healthy older adults (HOA). Hippocampal volumes were segmented using Freesurfer software.<bold>Results: </bold>Pro-inflammatory cytokines were higher in LLD compared with HOA. Regression analyses demonstrated that educational level and right hippocampal volume significantly contributed to explaining the variance in learning. For memory performance, educational level, right hippocampal volume and a group-by-IL-6 interaction significantly contributed to the model.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>High levels of IL-6 impact cognition in LLD but not HOA. Results suggest that high levels of inflammation alone are not sufficient to account for cognitive difficulties, but may interact with other factors in at-risk populations like LLD, to contribute to memory difficulties. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:08856230
DOI:10.1002/gps.4686