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Fronto-temporal galanin modulates impulse control.

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Title: Fronto-temporal galanin modulates impulse control.
Authors: Messanvi, F. (AUTHOR), Perkins, A. (AUTHOR), du Hoffmann, J. (AUTHOR), Chudasama, Y. (AUTHOR)
Source: Psychopharmacology. Feb2020, Vol. 237 Issue 2, p291-303. 13p. 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs.
Subjects: Galanin, Animal behavior, Reaction time, Prefrontal cortex, Hippocampus (Brain), Neuropeptides
Abstract: Rationale: The neuropeptide galanin has been implicated in a wide range of pathological conditions in which frontal and temporal structures are compromised. It works through three subtypes of G-protein-coupled receptors. One of these, the galanin receptor 1 (Gal-R1) subtype, is densely expressed in the ventral hippocampus (vHC) and ventral prefrontal cortex (vPFC); two brain structures that have similar actions on behavioral control. We hypothesize that Gal-R1 contributes to cognitive-control mechanisms that require hippocampal-prefrontal cortical circuitry. Objective: To examine the effect of local vHC and vPFC infusions of M617, a Gal-R1 agonist, on inhibitory mechanisms of response control. Methods: Different cohorts of rats were implanted with bilateral guide cannulae targeting the vPFC or the vHC. Following infusion of the Gal-R1 agonist, we examined the animals' behavior using a touchscreen version of the 5-choice reaction time task (5-choice task). Results: The Gal-R1 agonist produced opposing behaviors in the vPFC and vHC, leading to disruption of impulse control when infused in the vPFC but high impulse control when infused into the vHC. This contrast between areas was accentuated when we added variability to the timing of the stimulus, which led to long decision times and reduced accuracy in the vPFC group but a general improvement in performance accuracy in the vHC group. Conclusions: These results provide the first evidence of a selective mechanism of Gal-R1–mediated modulation of impulse control in prefrontal-hippocampal circuitry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Psychopharmacology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Fronto-temporal galanin modulates impulse control.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Messanvi%2C+F%2E%22">Messanvi, F.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Perkins%2C+A%2E%22">Perkins, A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22du+Hoffmann%2C+J%2E%22">du Hoffmann, J.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chudasama%2C+Y%2E%22">Chudasama, Y.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychopharmacology%22">Psychopharmacology</searchLink>. Feb2020, Vol. 237 Issue 2, p291-303. 13p. 2 Diagrams, 3 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Galanin%22">Galanin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Animal+behavior%22">Animal behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Reaction+time%22">Reaction time</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Prefrontal+cortex%22">Prefrontal cortex</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hippocampus+%28Brain%29%22">Hippocampus (Brain)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neuropeptides%22">Neuropeptides</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Rationale: The neuropeptide galanin has been implicated in a wide range of pathological conditions in which frontal and temporal structures are compromised. It works through three subtypes of G-protein-coupled receptors. One of these, the galanin receptor 1 (Gal-R1) subtype, is densely expressed in the ventral hippocampus (vHC) and ventral prefrontal cortex (vPFC); two brain structures that have similar actions on behavioral control. We hypothesize that Gal-R1 contributes to cognitive-control mechanisms that require hippocampal-prefrontal cortical circuitry. Objective: To examine the effect of local vHC and vPFC infusions of M617, a Gal-R1 agonist, on inhibitory mechanisms of response control. Methods: Different cohorts of rats were implanted with bilateral guide cannulae targeting the vPFC or the vHC. Following infusion of the Gal-R1 agonist, we examined the animals' behavior using a touchscreen version of the 5-choice reaction time task (5-choice task). Results: The Gal-R1 agonist produced opposing behaviors in the vPFC and vHC, leading to disruption of impulse control when infused in the vPFC but high impulse control when infused into the vHC. This contrast between areas was accentuated when we added variability to the timing of the stimulus, which led to long decision times and reduced accuracy in the vPFC group but a general improvement in performance accuracy in the vHC group. Conclusions: These results provide the first evidence of a selective mechanism of Gal-R1–mediated modulation of impulse control in prefrontal-hippocampal circuitry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychopharmacology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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              Text: Feb2020
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