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On the interrelation between alcohol addiction–like behaviors in rats.

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Title: On the interrelation between alcohol addiction–like behaviors in rats.
Authors: Smeets, Johanna A. S. (AUTHOR), Minnaard, A. Maryse (AUTHOR), Ramakers, Geert M. J. (AUTHOR), Adan, Roger A. H. (AUTHOR), Vanderschuren, Louk J. M. J. (AUTHOR), Lesscher, Heidi M. B. (AUTHOR)
Source: Psychopharmacology. Apr2022, Vol. 239 Issue 4, p1115-1128. 14p. 3 Graphs.
Subjects: Alcohol-induced disorders, Animal experimentation, Motivation (Psychology), Rats, Severity of illness index, Alcohol drinking, Punishment, Statistical correlation, Cluster analysis (Statistics), Compulsive behavior, Behavior modification
Abstract: Rationale: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a complex, heterogeneous disorder that only occurs in a minority of alcohol users. Various behavioral constructs, including excessive intake, habit formation, motivation for alcohol and resistance to punishment have been implicated in AUD, but their interrelatedness is unclear. Objective: The aim of this study was therefore to explore the relation between these AUD-associated behavioral constructs in rats. We hypothesised that a subpopulation of animals could be identified that, based on these measures, display consistent AUD-like behavior. Methods: Lister Hooded rats (n = 47) were characterised for alcohol consumption, habit formation, motivation for alcohol and quinine-adulterated alcohol consumption. The interrelation between these measures was evaluated through correlation and cluster analyses. In addition, addiction severity scores were computed using different combinations of the behavioral measures, to assess the consistency of the AUD-like subpopulation. Results: We found that the data was uniformly distributed, as there was no significant tendency of the behavioral measures to cluster in the dataset. On the basis of multiple ranked addiction severity scores, five animals (~ 11%) were classified as displaying AUD-like behavior. The composition of the remaining subpopulation of animals with the highest addiction severity score (9 rats; ~ 19%) varied, depending on the combination of measures included. Conclusion: Consistent AUD-like behavior was detected in a small proportion of alcohol drinking rats. Alcohol consumption, habit formation, motivation for alcohol and punishment resistance contribute in varying degrees to the AUD-like phenotype across the population. These findings emphasise the importance of considering the heterogeneity of AUD-like behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Psychopharmacology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: On the interrelation between alcohol addiction–like behaviors in rats.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Smeets%2C+Johanna+A%2E+S%2E%22">Smeets, Johanna A. S.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Minnaard%2C+A%2E+Maryse%22">Minnaard, A. Maryse</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ramakers%2C+Geert+M%2E+J%2E%22">Ramakers, Geert M. J.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Adan%2C+Roger+A%2E+H%2E%22">Adan, Roger A. H.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vanderschuren%2C+Louk+J%2E+M%2E+J%2E%22">Vanderschuren, Louk J. M. J.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lesscher%2C+Heidi+M%2E+B%2E%22">Lesscher, Heidi M. B.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychopharmacology%22">Psychopharmacology</searchLink>. Apr2022, Vol. 239 Issue 4, p1115-1128. 14p. 3 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Alcohol-induced+disorders%22">Alcohol-induced disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Animal+experimentation%22">Animal experimentation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Motivation+%28Psychology%29%22">Motivation (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rats%22">Rats</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Severity+of+illness+index%22">Severity of illness index</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Alcohol+drinking%22">Alcohol drinking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Punishment%22">Punishment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+correlation%22">Statistical correlation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cluster+analysis+%28Statistics%29%22">Cluster analysis (Statistics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Compulsive+behavior%22">Compulsive behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Behavior+modification%22">Behavior modification</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Rationale: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a complex, heterogeneous disorder that only occurs in a minority of alcohol users. Various behavioral constructs, including excessive intake, habit formation, motivation for alcohol and resistance to punishment have been implicated in AUD, but their interrelatedness is unclear. Objective: The aim of this study was therefore to explore the relation between these AUD-associated behavioral constructs in rats. We hypothesised that a subpopulation of animals could be identified that, based on these measures, display consistent AUD-like behavior. Methods: Lister Hooded rats (n = 47) were characterised for alcohol consumption, habit formation, motivation for alcohol and quinine-adulterated alcohol consumption. The interrelation between these measures was evaluated through correlation and cluster analyses. In addition, addiction severity scores were computed using different combinations of the behavioral measures, to assess the consistency of the AUD-like subpopulation. Results: We found that the data was uniformly distributed, as there was no significant tendency of the behavioral measures to cluster in the dataset. On the basis of multiple ranked addiction severity scores, five animals (~ 11%) were classified as displaying AUD-like behavior. The composition of the remaining subpopulation of animals with the highest addiction severity score (9 rats; ~ 19%) varied, depending on the combination of measures included. Conclusion: Consistent AUD-like behavior was detected in a small proportion of alcohol drinking rats. Alcohol consumption, habit formation, motivation for alcohol and punishment resistance contribute in varying degrees to the AUD-like phenotype across the population. These findings emphasise the importance of considering the heterogeneity of AUD-like behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychopharmacology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s00213-021-06059-4
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      – SubjectFull: Alcohol-induced disorders
        Type: general
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      – SubjectFull: Motivation (Psychology)
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              Text: Apr2022
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