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Neuropathological investigation of patients with prolonged anorexia nervosa.

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Title: Neuropathological investigation of patients with prolonged anorexia nervosa.
Authors: Kawakami, Ito (AUTHOR), Iritani, Shuji (AUTHOR), Riku, Yuichi (AUTHOR), Umeda, Kentaro (AUTHOR), Takase, Mina (AUTHOR), Ikeda, Kenji (AUTHOR), Niizato, Kazuhiro (AUTHOR), Arai, Tomio (AUTHOR), Yoshida, Mari (AUTHOR), Oshima, Kenichi (AUTHOR), Hasegawa, Masato (AUTHOR)
Source: Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences. May2022, Vol. 76 Issue 5, p187-194. 8p. 3 Color Photographs, 2 Black and White Photographs, 2 Charts, 1 Graph.
Subjects: Anorexia nervosa, Neural circuitry, Glial fibrillary acidic protein, Astrocytes, Dopamine receptors, Nucleus accumbens, Tyrosine hydroxylase
Abstract: Objectives: Recent neuroimaging studies have indicated that the mesolimbic pathway, known to work as reward neuronal circuitry, regulates cognitive–behavioral flexibility in prolonged anorexia nervosa (AN). Although AN is associated with the highest mortality rate among psychiatric disorders, there have been few neuropathological studies on this topic. This study aims to identify alterations of the reward circuitry regions, especially in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), using AN brain tissues. Methods: The neuronal networks in AN cases and controls were examined by immunohistochemistry directed at tyrosine hydroxylase (TH; dopaminergic neuron marker) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP; astrocyte marker). We also immunochemically analyzed frozen samples presenting astrogliosis, especially in the NAcc and striatum. Results: Histologically, neuronal deformation with cytoplasmic shrinkage was seen in reward‐related brain regions, such as the orbitofrontal cortex/anterior cingulate cortex. The NAcc showed massive GFAP‐positive astrocytes and dot‐like protrusions of astrocytes in the shell compartment. In the shell, TH and GFAP immunoreactivities revealed prominent astrogliosis within striosomes, which receive projection from the ventral tegmental area (VTA). The numbers of GFAP‐positive astrocytes in the NAcc (P = 0.0079) and VTA (P = 0.0025) of AN cases were significantly higher than those of controls. Strongly immunoreactive 18 to 25 kDa bands, which might represent degradation products, were detected only in the NAcc of AN cases. Clinically, all cases presented cognitive rigidity, which might reflect a deficit of the reward pathway. Conclusion: Our findings suggest impaired dopaminergic innervation between the NAcc and VTA in AN. Functional dysconnectivity in the reward‐related network might induce neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with AN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Neuropathological investigation of patients with prolonged anorexia nervosa.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kawakami%2C+Ito%22">Kawakami, Ito</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Iritani%2C+Shuji%22">Iritani, Shuji</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Riku%2C+Yuichi%22">Riku, Yuichi</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Umeda%2C+Kentaro%22">Umeda, Kentaro</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Takase%2C+Mina%22">Takase, Mina</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ikeda%2C+Kenji%22">Ikeda, Kenji</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Niizato%2C+Kazuhiro%22">Niizato, Kazuhiro</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arai%2C+Tomio%22">Arai, Tomio</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yoshida%2C+Mari%22">Yoshida, Mari</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Oshima%2C+Kenichi%22">Oshima, Kenichi</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hasegawa%2C+Masato%22">Hasegawa, Masato</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychiatry+%26+Clinical+Neurosciences%22">Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences</searchLink>. May2022, Vol. 76 Issue 5, p187-194. 8p. 3 Color Photographs, 2 Black and White Photographs, 2 Charts, 1 Graph.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Anorexia+nervosa%22">Anorexia nervosa</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neural+circuitry%22">Neural circuitry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Glial+fibrillary+acidic+protein%22">Glial fibrillary acidic protein</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Astrocytes%22">Astrocytes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dopamine+receptors%22">Dopamine receptors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nucleus+accumbens%22">Nucleus accumbens</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tyrosine+hydroxylase%22">Tyrosine hydroxylase</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Objectives: Recent neuroimaging studies have indicated that the mesolimbic pathway, known to work as reward neuronal circuitry, regulates cognitive–behavioral flexibility in prolonged anorexia nervosa (AN). Although AN is associated with the highest mortality rate among psychiatric disorders, there have been few neuropathological studies on this topic. This study aims to identify alterations of the reward circuitry regions, especially in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), using AN brain tissues. Methods: The neuronal networks in AN cases and controls were examined by immunohistochemistry directed at tyrosine hydroxylase (TH; dopaminergic neuron marker) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP; astrocyte marker). We also immunochemically analyzed frozen samples presenting astrogliosis, especially in the NAcc and striatum. Results: Histologically, neuronal deformation with cytoplasmic shrinkage was seen in reward‐related brain regions, such as the orbitofrontal cortex/anterior cingulate cortex. The NAcc showed massive GFAP‐positive astrocytes and dot‐like protrusions of astrocytes in the shell compartment. In the shell, TH and GFAP immunoreactivities revealed prominent astrogliosis within striosomes, which receive projection from the ventral tegmental area (VTA). The numbers of GFAP‐positive astrocytes in the NAcc (P = 0.0079) and VTA (P = 0.0025) of AN cases were significantly higher than those of controls. Strongly immunoreactive 18 to 25 kDa bands, which might represent degradation products, were detected only in the NAcc of AN cases. Clinically, all cases presented cognitive rigidity, which might reflect a deficit of the reward pathway. Conclusion: Our findings suggest impaired dopaminergic innervation between the NAcc and VTA in AN. Functional dysconnectivity in the reward‐related network might induce neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with AN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/pcn.13340
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 8
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Anorexia nervosa
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Neural circuitry
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      – SubjectFull: Glial fibrillary acidic protein
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      – SubjectFull: Astrocytes
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      – SubjectFull: Dopamine receptors
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      – SubjectFull: Tyrosine hydroxylase
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              Text: May2022
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