Evaluation of a Pharmacist-Linked Smoking Cessation Intervention for Adults Experiencing Homelessness.
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| Title: | Evaluation of a Pharmacist-Linked Smoking Cessation Intervention for Adults Experiencing Homelessness. |
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| Authors: | De Los Reyes, Gea (AUTHOR), Ng, Amena (AUTHOR), Valencia Chavez, Jazmin (AUTHOR), Apollonio, Dorie E. (AUTHOR), Kroon, Lisa (AUTHOR), Lee, Phoebe (AUTHOR), Vijayaraghavan, Maya (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Substance Use & Misuse. 2023, Vol. 58 Issue 12, p1519-1527. 9p. 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 2 Graphs. |
| Subjects: | Smoking cessation, Evaluation of human services programs, Clinical trials, Counseling, Confidence intervals, Health services accessibility, Social support, Research methodology, Motivation (Psychology), Community health services, Interviewing, Gums & resins, Conceptual structures, Health literacy, Self-efficacy, Social context, Nicotine replacement therapy, Questionnaires, Descriptive statistics, Health attitudes, Research funding, Smoking, Logistic regression analysis, Data analysis software, Content analysis, Thematic analysis, Varenicline, Odds ratio, Longitudinal method, Poisson distribution, Smoking cessation products |
| Geographic Terms: | California |
| Abstract: | Background: Interventions are needed to increase access to tobacco treatment for people experiencing homelessness. We developed a community pharmacist-linked cessation program for adults experiencing homelessness that included one-time, pharmacist-delivered counseling and furnishing nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for 3 months. Methods: We conducted a single-arm, uncontrolled trial of the pharmacist-linked intervention among adults experiencing homelessness recruited from three homeless shelters in San Francisco, CA. We asked participants to complete questionnaires at baseline and during 12 weekly follow-up visits. We obtained information on cigarette consumption, use of NRT, and quit attempts at each visit, and reported cumulative proportions during the study interval. We used Poisson regression and logistic regression, respectively, to examine factors associated with weekly cigarette consumption and quit attempts. We conducted in-depth interviews with residents to understand barriers to and facilitators of engagement. Results: Among 51 participants, average daily cigarette consumption reduced 55% from 10 cigarettes per day at baseline to 4.5 cigarettes at 13 wk follow-up, and 56.3% had CO-verified abstinence. Use of medications in the past week was associated with a 29% reduction in weekly consumption (IRR 0.71, 95% CI 0.67–0.74), and increased the odds of a quit attempt (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 2.37, 95% CI 1.13–4.99). While residents benefited from engaging in the pharmacist-linked program to increase quit attempts, they felt that to sustain abstinence, longitudinal tobacco treatment was needed. Conclusions: A pharmacist-linked smoking cessation program at transitional homeless shelters can reduce structural barriers to cessation care and reduce tobacco use among people experiencing homelessness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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| Abstract: | Background: Interventions are needed to increase access to tobacco treatment for people experiencing homelessness. We developed a community pharmacist-linked cessation program for adults experiencing homelessness that included one-time, pharmacist-delivered counseling and furnishing nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for 3 months. Methods: We conducted a single-arm, uncontrolled trial of the pharmacist-linked intervention among adults experiencing homelessness recruited from three homeless shelters in San Francisco, CA. We asked participants to complete questionnaires at baseline and during 12 weekly follow-up visits. We obtained information on cigarette consumption, use of NRT, and quit attempts at each visit, and reported cumulative proportions during the study interval. We used Poisson regression and logistic regression, respectively, to examine factors associated with weekly cigarette consumption and quit attempts. We conducted in-depth interviews with residents to understand barriers to and facilitators of engagement. Results: Among 51 participants, average daily cigarette consumption reduced 55% from 10 cigarettes per day at baseline to 4.5 cigarettes at 13 wk follow-up, and 56.3% had CO-verified abstinence. Use of medications in the past week was associated with a 29% reduction in weekly consumption (IRR 0.71, 95% CI 0.67–0.74), and increased the odds of a quit attempt (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 2.37, 95% CI 1.13–4.99). While residents benefited from engaging in the pharmacist-linked program to increase quit attempts, they felt that to sustain abstinence, longitudinal tobacco treatment was needed. Conclusions: A pharmacist-linked smoking cessation program at transitional homeless shelters can reduce structural barriers to cessation care and reduce tobacco use among people experiencing homelessness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 10826084 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/10826084.2023.2231060 |
