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Association of prenatal antidepressant use with internalizing behaviors from kindergarten to adolescence.

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Title: Association of prenatal antidepressant use with internalizing behaviors from kindergarten to adolescence.
Authors: Nitschke, Amanda S. (AUTHOR), Kaur, Paramdeep (AUTHOR), Phagau, Naomi (AUTHOR), do Valle, Helena Abreu (AUTHOR), Bone, Jeffrey N. (AUTHOR), Poon, Brenda (AUTHOR), Guhn, Martin (AUTHOR), Vigod, Simone N. (AUTHOR), Oberlander, Tim F. (AUTHOR), Hanley, Gillian E. (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry. Mar2026, Vol. 67 Issue 3, p355-365. 11p.
Subjects: Risk assessment, Prenatal exposure delayed effects, Research funding, Population-based case control, Mental health, Psychology of school children, Psychology of high school students, Serotonin uptake inhibitors, Questionnaires, Logistic regression analysis, Internalizing behavior, Retrospective studies, Descriptive statistics, Multivariate analysis, Antidepressants, Prenatal care, Longitudinal method, Odds ratio, Neurotransmitter uptake inhibitors, Anxiety disorders, Confidence intervals, Mental depression, Child behavior, Evaluation
Geographic Terms: Canada
Abstract: Background: To examine, using repeated measures, whether prenatal serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SRI) antidepressant exposure is associated with increased anxious behaviors at kindergarten age and anxiety and/or depression behaviors after kindergarten and into adolescence. Methods: This population‐based retrospective cohort study included all live singleton infants delivered in British Columbia, Canada between January 2001 and December 2012 with complete outcome data. Follow‐up lasted until December 2022. Logistic regression models were used to estimate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (OR). To minimize confounding, high‐dimensional propensity score adjustment and a matched discordant sibling‐pair analysis were conducted. Results: Prenatal SRI exposure was associated with increased anxious behaviors in kindergarten (OR 1.77 [95% CI 1.59–1.97]) and anxiety and/or depression diagnostic codes in later childhood or adolescence (OR 2.09 [95% CI 1.97–2.22]). These associations attenuated but remained positive after high‐dimensional propensity score adjustment; however, the associations did not remain in the conditional logistic regression of discordant sibling pairs (aORs 0.92 [95% CI 0.61–1.37] and 1.02 [95% CI 0.79–1.33]). Regardless of SRI exposure, children with high levels of anxious behaviors at kindergarten were more likely to receive anxiety and/or depression diagnostic codes later on (SRI exposed: aOR 1.59 [95% CI 1.24–2.06]; SRI unexposed: aOR 1.64 [95% CI 1.51–1.77]). Conclusions: The associations of prenatal SRI exposure with increased internalizing behaviors at kindergarten and into adolescence are likely due to shared genetics or environmental factors. Findings also suggested kindergarten as a time for targeted interventions to address developmental vulnerabilities and prevent later development of anxiety and/or depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
Description
Abstract:Background: To examine, using repeated measures, whether prenatal serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SRI) antidepressant exposure is associated with increased anxious behaviors at kindergarten age and anxiety and/or depression behaviors after kindergarten and into adolescence. Methods: This population‐based retrospective cohort study included all live singleton infants delivered in British Columbia, Canada between January 2001 and December 2012 with complete outcome data. Follow‐up lasted until December 2022. Logistic regression models were used to estimate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (OR). To minimize confounding, high‐dimensional propensity score adjustment and a matched discordant sibling‐pair analysis were conducted. Results: Prenatal SRI exposure was associated with increased anxious behaviors in kindergarten (OR 1.77 [95% CI 1.59–1.97]) and anxiety and/or depression diagnostic codes in later childhood or adolescence (OR 2.09 [95% CI 1.97–2.22]). These associations attenuated but remained positive after high‐dimensional propensity score adjustment; however, the associations did not remain in the conditional logistic regression of discordant sibling pairs (aORs 0.92 [95% CI 0.61–1.37] and 1.02 [95% CI 0.79–1.33]). Regardless of SRI exposure, children with high levels of anxious behaviors at kindergarten were more likely to receive anxiety and/or depression diagnostic codes later on (SRI exposed: aOR 1.59 [95% CI 1.24–2.06]; SRI unexposed: aOR 1.64 [95% CI 1.51–1.77]). Conclusions: The associations of prenatal SRI exposure with increased internalizing behaviors at kindergarten and into adolescence are likely due to shared genetics or environmental factors. Findings also suggested kindergarten as a time for targeted interventions to address developmental vulnerabilities and prevent later development of anxiety and/or depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:00219630
DOI:10.1111/jcpp.70056