Free fatty acids regulate insulin secretion from pancreatic B cells through GPR40.

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Bibliographic Details
Title:	Free fatty acids regulate insulin secretion from pancreatic B cells through GPR40.
Authors:	Itoh, Yasuaki, Kawamata, Yuji, Harada, Masataka, Kobayashi, Makoto, Fujii, Ryo, Fukusumi, Shoji, Ogi, Kazuhiro, Hosoya, Masaki, Tanaka, Yasuhiro, Uejima, Hiroshi, Tanaka, Hideyuki, Maruyama, Minoru, Satoh, Rie, Okubo, Shoichi, Kizawa, Hideki, Komatsu, Hidetoshi, Matsumura, Fumika, Noguchi, Yuko, Shinohara, Tokuyuki
Source:	Nature. 3/13/2003, Vol. 422 Issue 6928, p173. 4p.
Subjects:	Fatty acids, Insulin, Pancreatic beta cells
Abstract:	Diabetes, a disease in which carbohydrate and lipid metabolism are regulated improperly by insulin, is a serious worldwide health issue. Insulin is secreted from pancreatic β cells in response to elevated plasma glucose, with various factors modifying its secretion. Free fatty acids (FFAs) provide an important energy source as nutrients, and they also act as signalling molecules in various cellular processes, including insulin secretion. Although FFAs are thought to promote insulin secretion in an acute phase, this mechanism is not dearly understood. Here we show that a G-protein-coupled receptor, GPR40, which is abundantly expressed in the pancreas, functions as a receptor for long-chain FFAs. Furthermore, we show that longchain FFAs amplify glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells by activating GPR40. Our results indicate that GPR40 agonists and/or antagonists show potential for the development of new anti-diabetic drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database:	Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection

Description
Abstract:	Diabetes, a disease in which carbohydrate and lipid metabolism are regulated improperly by insulin, is a serious worldwide health issue. Insulin is secreted from pancreatic β cells in response to elevated plasma glucose, with various factors modifying its secretion. Free fatty acids (FFAs) provide an important energy source as nutrients, and they also act as signalling molecules in various cellular processes, including insulin secretion. Although FFAs are thought to promote insulin secretion in an acute phase, this mechanism is not dearly understood. Here we show that a G-protein-coupled receptor, GPR40, which is abundantly expressed in the pancreas, functions as a receptor for long-chain FFAs. Furthermore, we show that longchain FFAs amplify glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells by activating GPR40. Our results indicate that GPR40 agonists and/or antagonists show potential for the development of new anti-diabetic drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:	00280836
DOI:	10.1038/nature01478